Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Identification of potential autoantigens in anti-CCP-positive and anti-CCP-negative rheumatoid arthritis using citrulline-specific protein arrays

doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-96675-z

Figure Lengend Snippet: Immunome slide design and protein categories on the protein microarray. ( A ) The Immunome protein microarray consists of four identical subarrays, each containing 1631 different proteins in addition to 11 control proteins (BCCP, BSA, Cy3BSA, IgA, IgG, IgM, and four different control probes for the BCCP tag acting as negative controls). The control proteins are located between the subarrays. ( B ) The proteins spotted on the microarray represent different protein groups, such as cancer-associated antigens, transcription factors, kinases, and signaling proteins. The number of proteins in each category is shown. BCCP biotin carboxyl carrier protein, BSA bovine serum albumin.

Article Snippet: Plasma from anti-CCP-positive or anti-CCP-negative RA patients was incubated with Immunome protein microarray slides containing native proteins or proteins citrullinated by PAD2 or PAD4.

Techniques: Microarray

Journal: Expert opinion on medical diagnostics

Article Title: Antibody Profiling with Protein Antigen Microarrays in Early Stage Cancer

doi: 10.1517/17530059.2012.672969

Figure Lengend Snippet: A schematic of the native protein antigen “reverse capture” microarray platform. Well-characterized monoclonal antibodies are printed onto a glass slide. Native protein antigens derived from cell lines or cancer tissues are immobilized onto the array by the printed monoclonal antibodies, with the corresponding antigen captured by a specific monoclonal antibody. Using the immobilized antigens as bait, labeled autoantibodies from a patient and control are then allowed to react with the immobilized antigen. The amount of fluorescent dye-labeled autoantibody between test and control will determine reactivity with the immobilized antigen. We termed this array a “reverse capture” microarray since the standard nomenclature for “capture” refers to the analyte/antigen and not the antibody.

Article Snippet: Declaration of interest: Brian Liu serves on the Scientific Advisory Board of Inanovate, Inc., and is one of the inventors and has licensing rights to the “reverse capture” native protein antigen microarray platform described in the article.

Techniques: Microarray, Bioprocessing, Derivative Assay, Labeling, Control

Journal: Expert opinion on medical diagnostics

Article Title: Antibody Profiling with Protein Antigen Microarrays in Early Stage Cancer

doi: 10.1517/17530059.2012.672969

Figure Lengend Snippet: Whole proteome lysate fractionation microarray. Tumor or cell lysates are separated into distinct fractions using a 2-D liquid chromatography fractionation strategy where the 1st dimension is separation by isoelectric points and the 2nd dimension is separation by hydrophobicity. Following the 2nd dimension, the fractions are arrayed onto nitrocellulose coated microscope slides. The slides are then incubated with fluorescent dye-labeled serum antibody isolated from cases and controls. The informative spots on the arrays and their corresponding fractions containing the associated antigens are then validated and the protein antigens subsequently identified by mass spectrometry.

Article Snippet: Declaration of interest: Brian Liu serves on the Scientific Advisory Board of Inanovate, Inc., and is one of the inventors and has licensing rights to the “reverse capture” native protein antigen microarray platform described in the article.

Techniques: Fractionation, Microarray, Liquid Chromatography, Microscopy, Incubation, Labeling, Isolation, Mass Spectrometry

Journal: Expert opinion on medical diagnostics

Article Title: Antibody Profiling with Protein Antigen Microarrays in Early Stage Cancer

doi: 10.1517/17530059.2012.672969

Figure Lengend Snippet: This figure is an image of a whole proteome breast cancer lysate microarray slide scanned for fluorescence after incubating with antibodies isolated from serum from a patient with late stage breast cancer that have underwent autologous tumor vaccination. Post-vaccination antibodies were labeled with Cy3 (green) fluorescent dye, and pre-vaccination antibodies from the same patient were labeled with Cy5 (red) fluorescent dye. Note that there was little reactivity from the pre-vaccination antibodies, but numerous post-vaccination reactive “spots” are seen.

Article Snippet: Declaration of interest: Brian Liu serves on the Scientific Advisory Board of Inanovate, Inc., and is one of the inventors and has licensing rights to the “reverse capture” native protein antigen microarray platform described in the article.

Techniques: Microarray, Fluorescence, Isolation, Labeling